01 · Operator
Who operates Google-NotebookLM
- Company
- Type
- AI assistant fetcher
- Official docs
- developers.google.com
02 · Behavior
What Google-NotebookLM does
The fetcher requests individual URLs that users have provided as sources for their notebook projects. It runs only when a user adds a URL, not as an automatic crawler. Google lists Google-NotebookLM as supported until August 2026. The current token is Google-GeminiNotebook.
03 · Impact
Why Google-NotebookLM matters for your site
If you allow it
- Users can cite and work with your content in their notebooks
- Requests are triggered by real users, not bulk crawling
If you block it
- Your content is processed by an AI tool without a visit to your site
- Not affected by robots.txt, so blocking needs server rules
04 · Allow
How to allow Google-NotebookLM
robots.txt
User-agent: Google-NotebookLM
Allow: /Cloudflare
# Security › WAF › Custom rules › Create rule
Expression: (http.user_agent contains "Google-NotebookLM")
Action: Skip › All Super Bot Fight Mode rules
# Also check Security › Bots: "Block AI bots" can block it regardless of robots.txt.WordPress
# WordPress serves a virtual robots.txt. Edit it with your SEO plugin:
# Yoast: SEO › Tools › File editor · Rank Math: General Settings › Edit robots.txt
User-agent: Google-NotebookLM
Allow: /nginx
# nginx serves every user agent by default.
# Make sure no rule like this blocks it:
# if ($http_user_agent ~* "Google\-NotebookLM") { return 403; }Apache
# Apache serves every user agent by default.
# Make sure .htaccess has no rule like this:
# RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} Google\-NotebookLM [NC]
# RewriteRule .* - [F,L]05 · Block
How to block Google-NotebookLM
Google-NotebookLM has been reported to ignore robots.txt. Block it at your CDN or web server as well.
robots.txt
# Google-NotebookLM has been reported to ignore robots.txt.
# Add a Cloudflare, nginx or Apache rule as well.
User-agent: Google-NotebookLM
Disallow: /Cloudflare
# Security › WAF › Custom rules › Create rule
Expression: (http.user_agent contains "Google-NotebookLM")
Action: BlockWordPress
# WordPress serves a virtual robots.txt. Edit it with your SEO plugin:
# Yoast: SEO › Tools › File editor · Rank Math: General Settings › Edit robots.txt
User-agent: Google-NotebookLM
Disallow: /nginx
# In your server { } block:
if ($http_user_agent ~* "Google\-NotebookLM") {
return 403;
}Apache
# .htaccess
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} Google\-NotebookLM [NC]
RewriteRule .* - [F,L]
</IfModule>06 · User agents
User agents we see for Google-NotebookLM
| User agent | Share | Last seen | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
Google-NotebookLM |
100% | Verified |
07 · Verification
Is it really Google-NotebookLM?
Anyone can copy a user agent. Real Google-NotebookLM requests come from the IP ranges published at developers.google.com/static/crawling/ipranges/user-triggered-fetchers.json. A reverse DNS lookup of a real request resolves to gae.googleusercontent.com</code>, <code>google.com, and that hostname resolves back to the same IP.
IP addresses we saw from verified Google-NotebookLM requests
| IP range | Share | Last seen |
|---|---|---|
74.125.215.0/27 |
47% | |
66.249.84.0/27 |
31% | |
74.125.212.0/27 |
8.9% | |
192.178.13.0/27 |
8.5% | |
66.249.88.0/27 |
3.3% | |
74.125.210.0/27 |
0.9% |
Always check against the operator’s current list; ranges change.
FAQ
Questions about Google-NotebookLM
What is Google-NotebookLM?
It is the user agent Google used to fetch URLs that NotebookLM users add as sources. Google now lists it as the former name of Google-GeminiNotebook.
Does Google-NotebookLM respect robots.txt?
No. Google states that user-triggered fetchers generally ignore robots.txt because a user requested the fetch.
How do I block Google-NotebookLM?
Robots.txt does not apply, so block the user agent at the server or firewall. Also cover the newer Google-GeminiNotebook token.
Last reviewed Oct 8, 2026